Non-Profit Leadership - Three Lessons to Learn From Businesses

Results in non-profit organisations have always beentake responsibility early in their careers. It has
vague. Traditionally, to be seen as legitimate andlaunched a partnership with Waste Management Inc.
worthy of our support, all that a non-profit had toto create innovative public recycling kiosks offering
demonstrate was its commitment to a cause. Itincentives for consumers to deposit empty bottles
would get rewarded (support, donations, fundingand cans. The company has been running a
from donors and governments) for what itcompetition to find the best not-for-profit
represented, and that support was based on what itorganisations whose social innovations can solve
promised, rather than performance or results.significant world problems.
In the business sector, an organisation is rewardedProcter & Gamble is another company which now
based only on its performance or results it delivers indefines its stated purpose as improving "the lives of
terms of profits, market share, stock prices,the world's consumers, now and for generations to
employment created, and similar measurablecome." In 2009, the company launched a new
indicators which underpin the core purpose of thebusiness strategy, called "purpose-inspired growth" to
business. The core purpose of non-profits is often"improve more lives in more places more completely."
defined in terms which do not make them amenableEntrepreneurs are creating businesses that reflect
to be broken down into success criteria. How do youtheir social and environmental values shaping the core
measure the success of an organisation whichpurpose. Anita Roddick's Body Shop's involvement in
defines its core purpose as removing poverty, oractivism and campaigning for environmental and social
meeting the healthcare needs of the vulnerableissues including involvement with Greenpeace and
population?The Big Issue are well known. In 1990, Roddick
The core purpose of an organisation is to answer thefounded Children On the Edge, a charitable
question -- why does the organisation exist at all?organisation which helps disadvantaged children in
This is different from defining goals or objectives atEastern Europe and Asia. These are a few examples.
a particular point in time. In the non-profits, the coreThere are thousands others. As espoused by C. K.
purpose is taken for granted by successivePrahalad in his widely acclaimed book 'The Fortune at
generation of leaders. This is partly due to the reasonThe Bottom of The Pyramid', the business case for
that the core purpose is often defined so broadlymaking poverty eradication a core business of
that it becomes axiomatic that the core purposebusinesses is immense.
makes absolute sense, no matter what changes mayNon-profit leaders need to demonstrate a stronger
have happened in the external environment. Who canappreciation of these changes happening globally, and
question the fact that poor exist, and that they needrealise that they can not take their donors and public
help, or that poor people's healthcare needs are notsupport for granted - mere good intentions and
being met, and hence there is a need to addresspromises which sustained them in the past are not
these?enough any longer. One of the reasons why the
So goes the thinking.non-profit sector globally has been steeped in a static
However, if you pause for a moment, and ask themode of thinking is the (perceived) success
question: what is the best way to help the poor? Asnon-profits have had in the past. Despite not having
the noted Economist, Milton Friedman, argued overclear measures and benchmarks to achieve, there is
three decades ago, the best way to help the poor isno denying that some of the work done by
to help them become richer. If the core purpose of anon-profits have made immense impacts on the lives
non-profit was defined in this language, you couldof millions of people all over the world. However,
measure the performance in terms of wealthfuture cannot be seen as an extrapolated extension
created, income raised, assets increased etc. Thisof the past.
would also enable the organisation to define a clearThere are three critical issues non-profit leaders of
and compelling vision, while simultaneously enabling ittoday and future generations ought to grapple with,
to measure and track its performance.drawing lessons from the business sector:
However, non-profits have historically shied away1. Redefine the Core Purpose: Although the needs of
from such specifics, and donor and supportersthe poor and vulnerable remain as they were in the
(customers) are expected to take the organisationspast, organisations still need to examine the rationale
for who they are, what they represent, and whatfor their existence and the special and specific
they promise, not what they deliver.contributions it makes. Core purpose needs re-visiting
This paradigm is slowly shifting. There is increasingcontinually to make sure the organisation remains at
pressure now on non-profits to deliver andthe cutting edge of delivering what it intends to
demonstrate results. Many donors have now beendeliver.
supporting businesses to undertake activities which2. Define Performance Measures and Tangible
were normally delivered in the past by the non-profitSuccess Indicators: It is important to realise that if
sector. Corporate social responsibility is breaking newyour core purpose remains fudgy and vague ('helping
ground in terms of how companies engage withthe poor'), the organisation will never know if and
society. Caring for the society and the vulnerable iswhen it achieves its purpose. Clearer the core
no longer the preserve of the governments and thepurpose, clearer the goals and objectives the
non-profits.organisation delivers, and the organisation knows
It is heartening to see that some of the corporatewhen and how it is delivering these.
giants have moved beyond their corporate social3. Know Your New Competitors: Non-profits need to
responsibility, and started redefining the core purposeknow that they are no longer competing with
of their businesses. PepsiCo is reshaping relationshipsthemselves. The new businesses and enterprises are
between business and society. PepsiCo is examiningsetting new benchmarks which have potential to
the health implications of its products, it's partnershiptransform the entire non-profit sector landscape for
with governments and NGOs, and initiatingthe better. These offer new opportunities for
approaches to empower the younger generation tocollaboration.